Illicit arms transfers that violate arms embargoes MENA faces several different types of diversion, described below. This can happen at any point in the transfer chain, including after the materiel has come into the possession of the authorized end user. Arms diversion in MENAĪrms diversion refers to the appropriation or rerouting of conventional military materiel contrary to national or international law, including towards illicit markets, leading to a potential change of ownership or control. A related commentary, on the role of international assistance in strengthening arms transfer and SALW controls in MENA, will be published soon. It is part of a current SIPRI project that is mapping arms transfer and SALW control-related assistance in MENA and updating SIPRI’s database of Arms Trade Treaty (ATT)-relevant cooperation and assistance activities. It also explores how these controls could be strengthened in order to help to address security challenges and build confidence in the region. These developments occur in a region mired in instability and insecurity, rising tensions, and active armed conflicts in Libya, Syria and Yemen.īuilding on previous SIPRI work, this topical backgrounder provides an overview of the state of conventional arms transfer controls and small arms and light weapons (SALW) controls in MENA countries. This is just one illustration of the growing role that some states in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) play in the global arms trade-not only as arms importers but also increasingly as arms producers and exporters. The year 2019 saw the first-ever instance of an arms industrial conglomerate from an Arab state-EDGE from the United Arab Emirates (UAE)-entering SIPRI’s list of the top 25 largest arms-producing and military services companies.
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